Research

  •  “The Effect of Sanctions on Economic Freedom.” With Gor Mkrtchian. Social Science Quarterly. Forthcoming.
  • (2020) “The Effects of Sanctions on Stock Markets in Targeted Countries.” With Glen Biglaiser. International Interactions. 46 (4):526-50.
  • (2020)  “The Consequences of Economic Sanctions.” With Susan Allen, Menevis Cilizoglu, and Yi-hao Su. International Studies Perspectives. 21 (4):456-64.
  • (2016) “The Great Blockade of Lithuania: Evaluating Sanction Theory with a Case Study of Soviet Sanctions to Prevent Lithuanian Independence” With Rimvydas Ragauskas. International Area Studies Review. 19(4):320-329.
  • (2016)“Economic Sanctions, Military Interventions, and Civil War Outcomes.” With Patrick Regan. Journal of Peace Research. 53(4):554-568.
  • (2015) “Political Cleavages and Economic Sanctions: The Economic and Political Winners and Losers of Sanctions.” With Dennis Patterson.  International Studies Quarterly. 59(1). 46-58.
  • (2014) “The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on the Use and Success of U.S. Sanctions.” With Glen Biglaiser. Conflict Management and Peace Science.
  • (2013) “Economic Sanctions: A Blunt Instrument?” With Susan Allen. Journal of Peace Research. 50(1). 121-135.
  • (2013) “Investment, Opportunity, and Risk: Do U.S. Sanctions Deter or Encourage Global Investment?” With Glen Biglaiser. International Studies Quarterly 57(4). 65-78.

  • (2012)  “Economic Sanctions.” With Mark Souva. In Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy, ed. Steven W. Hook and Christopher M. Jones. New York: Routledge

  • (2011) “The Effect of Sanctions on United States Foreign Direct Investment.” With Glen Biglaiser. International Organization. 65(3).

  • (2010) “Territory, River and Maritime Claims in the Western Hemisphere: Regime Type, Rivalry, and MIDs for 1901-2000.” With Brandon Prins and Mark Souva. International Studies Quarterly. 54(4). 1073-1098.

  • (2009) “A Comparative Theory Test of Democratic Peace Arguments, 1946-2000.” With Mark Souva. Journal of Peace Research  41(1). 17-31.

  • (2008) “Taming the Leviathan: Examining the Impact of External Threat on State Capacity.” With Brandon Prins. Journal of Peace Research 45(5). 613-631.

  • (2007) “An Institutional Theory of Sanctions Onset and Success.” With Mark Souva. Journal of Conflict Resolution 51(6). 848-871.

  • (2007) “Sanctions, Signals, and Militarized Conflict.” With Chris Sprecher. American Journal of Political Science 51(2). 415-431.

  • (2003) “The Economic Peace Between Democracies: Economic Sanctions and Domestic Institutions.” With Mark Souva. Journal of Peace Research 40 (6): 641-660.

  • (2001) “Institutions and International Cooperation: A Duration Analysis of the Effect of Economic Sanctions on Trade.” With Mark Souva. Journal of Conflict Resolution 45 (1): 61-79.